Bacteria inhibit bat-killing fungus, could combat white-nose syndrome

Bacteria inhibit bat-killing fungus, could combat white-nose syndrome
A northern long-eared bat was affected by white-nose syndrome in Illinois. Credit: J.R. Hoyt.

Bacteria found naturally on some bats may prove useful in controlling the deadly fungal disease known as white-nose syndrome, which has devastated bat populations throughout eastern North America and continues to spread across the continent. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz, isolated bacteria that strongly inhibited the growth of the white-nose syndrome fungus in laboratory tests.

Experiments are now in progress to see if treating bats with the bacteria can protect them from the , said Joseph Hoyt, a UC Santa Cruz graduate student who led the study. "We are analyzing data from tests on live bats now, and if the results are positive, the next step would be a small field trial," he said.

The results of the laboratory studies were published April 8 in PLoS ONE. Hoyt isolated bacteria from the skin of four and tested the isolates for their ability to inhibit the growth of the fungus. Six bacterial isolates (all in the genus Pseudomonas) showed promise and were tested more extensively. All six significantly inhibited growth of the fungus, and two isolates performed especially well in suppressing fungal growth for more than 35 days.

"What's promising is that the bacteria that can inhibit the fungus naturally occur on the skin of bats. These bacteria may just be at too low a level to have an effect on the disease, but augmenting them to higher abundances may provide a beneficial effect," Hoyt said.

The researchers hope that a bacterial spray applied to bats during hibernation could suppress the fungus enough to help the bats survive the winter. The fungus that causes white-nose syndrome (Pseudogymnoascus destructans) grows on the exposed skin of bats' noses, ears, and wings during hibernation, when the bats' drop. Previous research by Kilpatrick's lab has shown that the can infect nearly every bat in a hibernating colony, but bats that survive the winter are able to clear the infection when they emerge from hibernation and their body temperatures rise.

Bacteria inhibit bat-killing fungus, could combat white-nose syndrome
UC Santa Cruz graduate student Joseph Hoyt examines a little brown bat for signs of white-nose syndrome outside a mine in New York. Credit: K. E. Langwig.

"The potential for a treatment is exciting, because this disease is raging across the country," said coauthor Marm Kilpatrick, professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at UC Santa Cruz. Kilpatrick is a wildlife disease expert whose lab has been working with state and federal wildlife agencies and other partners to track the spread of white-nose syndrome, which was first discovered in New York state in 2006.

Four bat species have been hit especially hard by the disease, with some regional populations declining by more than 90 percent. One species in particular, the northern long-eared bat, appears headed toward extinction, Kilpatrick said. "Everywhere the disease has been for a couple of years, this bat is gone. We don't have any tools right now to protect this species," he said.

According to Hoyt, the new findings raise the possibility that naturally occurring bacteria could partially explain some of the differences seen in the impacts of the disease on different species. The isolates with the strongest inhibitory properties were cultured from a bat species that has suffered lower mortality from than other species. More research is needed, however, to determine if disease severity is related to the found on wild . "This study is just the first step in investigating that possibility," Hoyt said.

Journal information: PLoS ONE

Citation: Bacteria inhibit bat-killing fungus, could combat white-nose syndrome (2015, April 8) retrieved 29 March 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2015-04-bacteria-inhibit-bat-killing-fungus-combat.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

Explore further

Study of deadly bat disease finds surprising seasonal pattern of infections

20 shares

Feedback to editors